How to Tell If Your Cat Is in Pain: Signs, Symptoms, and What to Do

Cats are known for their independent nature, but they are not immune to pain and discomfort. As a cat owner, it's crucial to be attentive to your feline friend's well-being and recognize the signs of pain. Cats can hide their pain well, making it challenging to know when they're suffering. In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore how to tell if your cat is in pain, common signs and symptoms, and what you can do to help your beloved pet.

Understanding Pain in Cats

Cats can experience pain due to various reasons, including injuries, illnesses, dental issues, arthritis, and age-related conditions. Unlike dogs, cats have evolved to be solitary hunters, which means they often conceal their pain as a survival instinct even though they may be extremely bonded to you. This can make it even more challenging for cat owners to identify when their furry companions are in distress.

Common Signs and Symptoms of Pain in Cats

Altered Behavior: Changes in your cat's behavior are often the first indicator of pain. Look for signs of increased aggression, irritability, or withdrawal/ hiding behavior. A typically affectionate cat might become aloof or hide more frequently when they are in pain.

Vocalization: Cats may meow excessively or make unusual noises when they are in pain. These vocalizations can range from soft whimpers to loud yowls.

Reduced Activity: Pain can lead to decreased activity levels. Your cat may become less playful, avoid jumping onto high surfaces, walk up stairs more slowly or avoid them, be reluctant to chase toys, or refrain from engaging in their usual activities. For a videos of cats with osteoarthritis pain changing their mobility select this link. 

Changes in Grooming: Cats are meticulous groomers, but when in pain, they may groom less leading to a matted hair coat, greasy hair, or dander accumulation. For some cats pain can cause them to focus excessively on a painful area and to over groom it leading to hair loss and/or irritated skin. 

Altered Appetite: Pain can affect your cat's appetite. They may eat less, refuse their food, show interest in food but not be willing to eat it, or have difficulty chewing. 

Litter Box Changes: Cats in pain may have difficulty using the litter box. A cat with osteoarthritis may be unable to climb into their litter box without experiencing pain, causing them to urinate or defecate outside of the box. They may urinate or defecate outside of the box if they begin to associate being in the box with pain (this can occur with urinary tract infections). If you see your cat straining while using the litter box this may be an indication of pain (if your cat is straining to urinate this can be an emergency and medical attention should be sought immediately). 

Limping or Altered Gait: If your cat has pain in their legs or joints, they may limp or have an abnormal gait. For a videos of cats with osteoarthritis pain changing their mobility select this link. 

Restlessness: Cats in pain may appear restless, frequently changing positions, pacing, or having difficulty settling down.

Avoiding Touch: Your cat may become sensitive to touch and may hiss, growl, or attempt to scratch or bite if you try to pick them up or touch a specific area of their body.

Changes in Breathing: Labored breathing where you can see the chest muscles or abdominal muscles working to move air can be from pain or other serious medical conditions and veterinary care should be sight right away. If a cat is experiencing rapid breathing it can be a sign of pain, especially if it's not related to physical exertion or heat. Any time a cat is breathing with their mouth open veterinary attention should be sought right away. 

Hiding: Cats often seek solitude when they're in pain. They may hide in closets, under furniture, or in secluded spots.

Weight Loss or Gain: Pain can affect your cat's eating habits, potentially leading to significant weight loss or gain.

What to Do If You Suspect Your Cat Is in Pain

If you observe any of the signs or symptoms mentioned above and suspect that your cat is in pain, it's crucial to take action promptly to address their discomfort and seek veterinary care. Here's what you can do:

Consult a Veterinarian: Schedule an appointment with your veterinarian as soon as possible. Professional evaluation is essential to identify the source of your cat's pain and determine the appropriate treatment. It can be extremely helpful for you to take videos of your cat exhibiting the symptoms you are concerned about as many cats will not show these symptoms during their appointment. 

Avoid Self-Diagnosis and Medication: Never attempt to diagnose or medicate your cat without veterinary guidance. Some human medications can be toxic to cats and may worsen their condition.

Provide Comfort: In the meantime, create a comfortable and quiet space for your cat to rest until your appointment. Ensure they have access to fresh water and monitor their food intake.

Minimize Stressors: Reduce environmental stressors, such as loud noises or changes in routine, to help your cat feel more comfortable.

Observe Changes: Keep a record of any changes in your cat's condition, appetite, socialization, behavior, as this information can be valuable for your veterinarian's assessment. If your cat is started on any medications it can be helpful to take notes about whether or not you feel the medication has helped. In some cases videos taken before a cat starts a medication for osteoarthritis can be helpful to compare to how they are feeling after starting a medication. 

Ask About Pain Management: If your cat is diagnosed with a painful condition, inquire about pain management options. Your veterinarian may prescribe medications or recommend therapies to alleviate your cat's discomfort.

Preventing Pain in Cats

Preventing pain in cats is a fundamental aspect of responsible pet ownership. Here are steps you can take to reduce the risk of pain and promote your cat's well-being:

Regular Veterinary Care: Schedule routine check-ups with your veterinarian to detect and address health issues early.

Dental Care: Dental problems are a common source of pain in cats. Practice good dental hygiene to support oral health. Ideally brush your cat's teeth with a cat toothpaste, never human toothpaste, daily as long as this is safe for you and your cat will not bite you.

Proper Nutrition: Feed your cat a balanced diet that meets their nutritional needs to promote overall health.  When feeding your cat, be sure to follow the recommendations on the bag of food for your pet's ideal weight. It is also important to make sure the food is not a kitten food or an ‘all life's stages’ food if your cat is an adult, unless directed otherwise by your veterinarian. 

Safety Measures: Ensure your cat’s environment is safe and secure to prevent accidents and injuries.

Weight Management: Keep your cat at a healthy weight to reduce the risk of obesity-related issues that can lead to pain. The excess fat that our pets carry can increase the pain they experience from osteoarthritis. Helping overweight pets reach a healthy weight can significantly help reduce the pain they experience from osteoarthritis.

Exercise: Provide toys and interactive play sessions to keep your cat mentally and physically active.

Grooming: Regular grooming helps you identify skin issues, fleas, or ticks that can cause discomfort.

Conclusion

Recognizing and addressing pain in your cat is essential for their overall well-being and quality of life. Cats may not always express their pain overtly, so it's crucial to be vigilant and attentive to changes in their behavior and physical condition. Always consult with a veterinarian for a professional evaluation and guidance when you suspect your cat is in pain. Your love and care are instrumental in helping your feline companion live a happy and pain-free life.